Conclusions: "Members of a subset of first-degree relatives of children with Crohn's disease have an exaggerated increase in intestinal permeability after ibuprofen ingestion. These findings are compatible with there being a genetic link between abnormalities of intestinal permeability and Crohn's disease."
"Increased Intestinal Permeability Precedes the Onset of Crohn’s Disease in a Subject With Familial Risk" in Gastroenterology (2000)
"In summary, increased intestinal permeability is com-mon among patients with Crohn’s disease, particularly when their disease is active, and in a subgroup of theirnondiseased relatives. Our case report describes a patientwith a strong family history of Crohn’s disease whose permeability to 51Cr-EDTA was increased 8 years beforethe diagnosis of Crohn’s disease. This contributes to the growing pool of evidence that a permeability defect and exposure of the lamina propria to luminal antigens are seminal events in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Longitudinal studies that stratify patients by their family history of inflammatory bowel disease areneeded to examine this mechanism further." [Italics mine.]
"Increased intestinal permeability and NOD2 variants in familial and sporadic Crohn's disease" in Alim Pharmicol Ther (2006)
Conclusion: "Intestinal permeability is raised in Crohn's disease patients and relatives, with higher rates in familial vs. sporadic healthy relatives. CARD15 mutations are associated with abnormal permeability in ileal Crohn's disease."
"Different intestinal permeability patterns in relatives and spouses of patients with Crohn's disease: an inherited defect in mucosal defence?" in Gut (1999)
Conclusions: "The findings suggest that baseline permeability is determined by environmental factors, whereas permeability provoked by acetylsalicylic acid is a function of the genetically determined state of the mucosal barrier, and support the notion that environmental and hereditary factors interact in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease."
"Genetic basis for increased intestinal permeability in families with Crohn's disease: role of CARD15 3020insC mutation?" in Gut (2006)
"In healthy first degree relatives, high mucosal permeability is associated with the presence of a CARD15 3020insC mutation. This indicates that genetic factors may be involved in impairment of intestinal barrier function in families with IBD."
"Subclinical Intestinal Inflammation in Siblings of Children with Crohn’s Disease" in Digestive Diseases and Sciences (2010)
"This study provides further evidence of subclinical intestinal inflammation amongst first-degree relatives of patients with Crohn’s disease. The presence of sub-clinical gut inflammation may be a risk factor for the subsequent development of Crohn’s disease."
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