"The most eager consumers of glutamine are the cells of intestines...."
Glutamine from The University of Maryland Medical Center
"Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid (building block of protein) in the body. The body can make enough glutamine for its regular needs, but extreme stress (the kind you would experience after very heavy exercise or an injury), your body may need more glutamine than it can make. Most glutamine is stored in muscles followed by the lungs, where much of the glutamine is made.
...
Glutamine helps to protect the lining of the gastrointestinal tract known as the mucosa. For that reason, some have suggested that people who have inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis and Crohn' s disease) may not have enough glutamine. However, 2 clinical trials found that taking glutamine supplements did not improve symptoms of Crohn' s disease. More research is needed."
"Dietary Factors in the Modulation of IBD: Glutamine" from Medscape Today
"Glutamine is sometimes advocated as being beneficial in the management of inflammation. Although not an essential amino acid, glutamine is believed to play a role in the maintenance of the colonic mucosal barrier, and is an energy substrate for colonic cells. ...
However, not all of the studies regarding glutamine show positive benefit in IBD. When administered in a trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced colitis model, there was actually a worsening of intestinal inflammation. Other studies in different models, however, have shown an improvement. As suggested by Akobeng and colleagues, there may be an optimal level of glutamine necessary for improvement; alteration from that level may have deleterious effects."
"Glutamine Prevents Fibrosis Development in Rats with Colitis Induced by 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid" in The Journal of Nutrition (2010)
"Our findings suggest that glutamine treatment not only attenuates the outcome of TNBS-induced colitis by reducing the inflammatory response but also by downregulating the increased expression of several gene pathways that contribute to the accumulation of matrix proteins. This molecule may be an interesting candidate for reducing the risk of fibrosis and stricture formation in inflammatory bowel disease."
"Glutamine and Whey Protein Improve Intestinal Permeability and Morphology in Patients with Crohn’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial" In Digestive Diseases and Sciences (2012)
"Glutamine, the major fuel for the enterocytes, may improve IP. ... [A] glutamine group (GG) or active control group (ACG) and were given oral glutamine or whey protein, respectively.... Intestinal permeability and morphology improved significantly in both glutamine and ACG."
Glutamine helps to protect the lining of the gastrointestinal tract known as the mucosa. For that reason, some have suggested that people who have inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis and Crohn' s disease) may not have enough glutamine. However, 2 clinical trials found that taking glutamine supplements did not improve symptoms of Crohn' s disease. More research is needed."
"Dietary Factors in the Modulation of IBD: Glutamine" from Medscape Today
"Glutamine is sometimes advocated as being beneficial in the management of inflammation. Although not an essential amino acid, glutamine is believed to play a role in the maintenance of the colonic mucosal barrier, and is an energy substrate for colonic cells. ...
However, not all of the studies regarding glutamine show positive benefit in IBD. When administered in a trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced colitis model, there was actually a worsening of intestinal inflammation. Other studies in different models, however, have shown an improvement. As suggested by Akobeng and colleagues, there may be an optimal level of glutamine necessary for improvement; alteration from that level may have deleterious effects."
"Glutamine Prevents Fibrosis Development in Rats with Colitis Induced by 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid" in The Journal of Nutrition (2010)
"Our findings suggest that glutamine treatment not only attenuates the outcome of TNBS-induced colitis by reducing the inflammatory response but also by downregulating the increased expression of several gene pathways that contribute to the accumulation of matrix proteins. This molecule may be an interesting candidate for reducing the risk of fibrosis and stricture formation in inflammatory bowel disease."
"Glutamine and Whey Protein Improve Intestinal Permeability and Morphology in Patients with Crohn’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial" In Digestive Diseases and Sciences (2012)
"Glutamine, the major fuel for the enterocytes, may improve IP. ... [A] glutamine group (GG) or active control group (ACG) and were given oral glutamine or whey protein, respectively.... Intestinal permeability and morphology improved significantly in both glutamine and ACG."
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